RESEARCH THAT BENEFITS CHILDREN AND FAMILIES--UPLIFTING STORIES

Numerical rating scales (NRS) involve estimates of pain shown to children to describe their pain levels. These pain scales are used in children over the age of 8 years. At this age the children can verbalize and clearly and have the ability to think and decide. There are many of these pain scales. Many of the scales have not been researched thoroughly. As a pediatric nurse, I used these scales frequently and responses were usually valid. Here is an example of a pain scale:

.........Pain Research and Management. National Institute of Health. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC253905/